Internal-combustion motor



J. F. 0. UHBORG.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION. FILED JULY 5.1918.

1,33 1,665, Patented Feb. 24,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Imus/a607- Gwen 90 1c a 1. F. 0. UHBORG.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5.19l8- 1,331,665.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

1.. F. 0. O'HBOHG.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION men JULY 5.191s.

Patented Feb. 24,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. F. 0. UHBORG. INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED JULY5.1918.

Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

*JOHLNY iz'nnnmx one! omaone, as wmose, FINLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that I, J CHAN F REDRIK' OLor 'OHBORG, a citizen ofFinland, residing in WVibor'g, Finland, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Motors,of which the followingis a specification.

The present invention relates to motors for liquid or gaseous fuel, andaims atthe utilization of the greatest possible portion of the energystill remaining in the outgoing combustion gases. This takes place insuch manner that the hot combustion gases are led into and through areceptacle filled with water, whereby steam is. produced, which isconducted into a second cylinder and in this acts upon a second piston,the work of which is transferred to the same shaft as the work of thepiston in the combustion cylinder.

The accompanying drawings show an embodiment ofa stationary notor of thepresent construction, comprising. atwo-cycle hydroc'arbon motor and asteam motor connect edwith this to utilize a mixture of exhaust gasesand steam obtained inthe manner just described. The improvement canequally well be adapted for four cycle niotors with the propermodifications. In the drawings,- 7

Figure 1 shows a verticalsection through both cylinders and through thereceiver along the line A"B Fig. g I

Fig. 2 shows a vertical section along the broken line C DE.FGr in Fig.4, the

pistons being removed. I V h V Fig. 3 shows the construction in plan,and Fig. 4 in horizontal section along the line H 1 in Figs. land 2; I

Fig. 5 is an oblique elevation, partly in vertical section, through theaxis of the valves.

Fig. 6 is a fra mentary vertical section through the oil pum Fig. 7 isafragmentary vertical section;

through the valve 6. 7 I v The compressed air introduced into theworking cylinder 1" of the hydrocarbon oil motor comes in contact withfuel oil introduced throughthe fine injection nozzle '2, whereupon thisburns; The pressure medium, arising therefrom expands until the piston 3has sunk so far thatthe outlet ports 4 are uncovered (the position of,the piston in Fig. l). The used-up pressure medium flows t eses-h theseports'into'the channel ,5111" the outlet from-whence rehef valveSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 24., 1920.

Application'fikd ini 5, 1918. Serial No. 243,266.

the' 0'11 motor, are allowed to flow and produce thereby steam, whichmixes with the combustion gases. The mixture is led into the channel 8at the upper end of the receiver and flows out through the port 9, un-

dercontrol ofa piston slide valve 10, which on its descent admits themixture into a port 11 which leads to the bottom of a second cylinder12. In this cylinder the gas and vapor mixture acts upon the lowersurface of a piston-13, which in the arrangement here shown is connectedwith the piston 3.

As indicated, the piston 13 preferably has a eonsiderablyiarger diameterthan the piston 3'. 'As the :piston 13 approaches its upper position,the piston valve 10 changes beforehand in the ordinary manner thedirection of the flow, the connection between "the ports 11 and 14 isopened, and the gas and vapor mixture is exhausted from the cylinder 12through the ports 11 and 14 to the discharge pipe 15 which leadsto'acentrifugal condenser 16 (Fig. 2) of any or dinary construction. R

The istons a and 13, are by means of a piston rod- 17, connected with across head 19 sliding in the guide 18, and this, by means of the usualpin 20,.is connectedwith the connecting'ro'd 21 which drives the crankshaft 22. The piston rodandcrosshead can, however, eereplaced by alengthened self-packing piston or plunger of such dimensions that 1 theupper end of the connecting rod is fastened in the piston in the usualway,

the same a's'the'link rod'23 is conn cted with thepiston'24; V r I y Thecylinder 12 above the piston 13 serves as'an air compressor. The aircompressed by the movement of the piston 13 upward passes through theport'25' under control of the valve 26 h (which forms a continuation ofthepist'on -valve 10) to the air receptacle'27. 'Fr'om' this'receptaclethe air forces itself through shut-0'11 valve 28*into the 10, I shut offfrom thecombustion cylinder 1,

7 into the cylinder-1..

the valve 6 iii'detail may beas shown in Fig. 7, where the valve 6 ispressed down by, a spring 6 re-acting against'the casing 6. Thelower end6'? of this casing limits theconiblistion cylinder 1 at the moment whenthe pressure in the latter cylinder sinks below the pressure of the aircompressor, which happens during the very last part of. the downwardpiston stroke, when the outlet ports 4 communicate with the receiver.

The air thus scavenges the cylinder. i

The valve 6 is a check valve, so that the receiver 7, if the pressure inthe cylinder 1 approaches the pressure in the "receiver, is

so that neither .water nor steam will flow lift of the valve. Thecylinder 1, the ex- 25. .versa. This reverse :mechanisin, which is haustgas and steam cylinder 12, andthe valve device, are preferably \Vltllllltln) receiver. V

. lhe control of the motor by the shaft takes place by a reversemechanism of the' same kind as in steam engines for reversing fromforward to backward, and vice shownin Figs; 1 and 2, consists of'an600611- I tri'crattached to the shaft 22, which is in- ;elosed by aneccentric,,frame attached to a lever 29, which is connected by means ofa pin 30 with the link rod 31. The lower end "of the latteris againbymeans of a pin 32' connected with the lower end 33 ofthe reverse arm,whichiend, in reversing, describes 35.v

. the reverse shaft 32 as center; The lever a circular-shaped coursewith the axis of -29 drives the link rod 23 of the reverse mechanism,which by means of the, hinge .pin 35 is connected to the lower portionof the piston valve rod 36, which latter portion is enlarged'to a paekedpiston 24r closing off the space'l l downward. The movement from forwardto backward, and vice versa, is obtained bythrowing over the reverselever. 37 in the direction ofthearrows. The lever '37 is connected-tocrank I arm '33 through rock shaft37 turning in abearing 37% A safetyvalve 88. (F ig. 3) secures the re I pressure ruling in; the'receiver.

ceiver 7 from bursting on account of the Theupper, end of the' valvepiston rod 36 drives a super air compressor 40 which draws -compressed'air from the chamber=27 through a port 41, compresses it tohigher Qpressure, and. eXpels it through a-passage 432 which leads tothe fuel injection nozzle 2 forspraying the fuel oil into the cylinderthe same time air is driven from .40, through a tube 43 to a. reservoir(not J shown): for storing compressed air for use in starting theengine.

7 The compressor lO is illustrated diagraminatically, the details as tovalves,'etc., not .bemg -.m1. cet d, a ch. wmpr smrs ,-.a

The construction of well understood. For driving the compressor thevalve rod 36 engages through 'a screw. RS-screwed into its upper end,and

nuts or screw collars 46, with a lever arm 14 projecting from a rockshaft 47 which has an upturned arm 47 engaging the plunger of thecompressor 40.- The lever arm 44 acts =L1PQ11 another lever 49, theopposite arm of which engages a valve stem 50 in the fuel oil. injectorand lifts it at the proper intervals. for introducing the liquid fuelinto the combustion cylinder 1,,so that the fuel is sprayed into thiscylinder by the high pressure air from the compressor 410 which entersthrough the channel 51. The oil-injecting pump may be'constructed asshown in F g. 6. 1 The pump casing 18 receives the endof the shafts?which carries ancccentric pin-or crank 47 which moves' in a slottedcrosshead 17 forming part of the piston 41-7, the corresponding rod" 17serving as a guide- As the piston 47 reciprocate s,v oil is drawn fromthe casing through suction opening 47 and forced out'past the ballvalve47 and jflowsthence into chamber 51, from which, ,nnder control ofthe spindle 50, itentersjthrough the nozzle,% into the combustionchamber.

which,- as .-above stated, surrounds the'combustion cylinder 1. I

.W'hat'lclaim is: g '1 1 .l. The combination of an internal combustioninotorand a, steammotoravith a receiver containingwater, ,apassageleading the spent gases from the first'motor to said receiver tovaporize the water, a loaded check-valve .in said passage, ava'lvefco'ntrolling the flow o fgmixed gases and steam fron the receiverto said steam motor, and an air-compressor discharging into the firstmotorto scavenge its cylinder.

I 2. The combinationof claim1,in which the cylinder of said steamniotorareceives steam at one end and air at the other, so

,passage leading the spent gases from said motor to said I'GCBIVQI. tovaporize the water,

a steam motor, and an air compressor, the pistons of said motor andcompressor being connectedto movein unison, a valvefcontrolling thefiowof mixed gases and steam from .the receiver tosaid steam motor, and

a'conduit leading the air from said compressor to the internalcombustion motor.

,. The pqnibieatioesome1 et ma ;Qm-

Wateris'admitted by a pipe .53, being drawn in by a plunger.v '52carried on the 'valvestem, and forced out into a passage 5 1, from whichit flows into the receiver 7 bustion motor, a receiver containing water,a passage leading the spent gases from said motor to the receiver tovaporize the water, a steam motor, a valve controlling the flow of fluidfrom the receiver to said steam motor, and an air compressor driven fromthe motors and discharging into the cylinder of the first motor toscavenge it.

6. The combination of claim 5, plus a super-compressor for furthercompressing the air delivered from said compressor, and means forinjecting the super-compressed air into the first motor.

7. The combination of claim 5, plus means for forcing highly compressedair into the cylinder of the combustion motor together with fluid fuel.

8. The combination of an internal combustion motor of the two-cycletype, having in its cylinder exhaust ports uncovered by the piston atthe end of its stroke, a receiver containing water, a passage leadingthe spent gases from said exhaust ports into said receiver to vaporizethe water, a steam motor, a valve controlling the flow of mixed gasesand steam from the receiver to said steam motor, an air compressordriven by said motors, and a valved passage from said compressorentering the cylinder of said first motor, the valve thereof adapted toadmit compressed air to said cylinder at the end of the power stroke toscavenge the cylinder.

9. The combination of claim 1, plus a reversible slide valve mechanismcontrolling the flow to and from the steam motor and air compressor.

10. The combination of claim 1, plus a reversible slide valve mechanismcontrolling the flow to and from the steam motor and air compressor, anda super-compressor driven by said valve mechanism for furthercompressing the compressed air.

11. The combination of claim 1, in which the receiver partially inclosesthe cylinders of said motor and air compressor to cool them and utilizethe heat therefrom to generate steam.

12. A combined motor according to claim 1, having its combustioncylinder above and a larger steam cylinder beneath, and having itsreceptacle for water and steam surrounding such cylinders so as toabstract heat therefrom.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

J OHAN FREDRIK OLOF llllBORG.

Witnesses:

ARNo F. MoHAN, IRJA BLOOMQUIST.

